Cell death: the significance of apoptosis
A.H. Wyllie, J.F. Kerr, A.R. Currie

This classic review by the initial describers of apoptosis is of relevance today primarily for its superb discussion of the morphology of apoptosis...

Genetic control of programmed cell death in the nematode C elegans
H.M. Ellis, H.R. Horvitz

Programmed cell death—or apoptosis—was first identified as a morphologically distinct mode of cell death in the 1970s...

Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death
D. Hockenbery, G. Nuñez, C. Milliman, R.D. Schreiber, S.J. Korsmeyer

In the late 1980s, an interesting oncogene, the product of a translocation between chromosomes 14 and 18, was described and named bcl-2...

Ischemic preconditioning slows energy metabolism and delays ultrastructural damage during a sustained ischemic episode
C.E. Murry, V.J. Richard, K.A. Reimer, R.B. Jennings

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of preconditioning on the ultrastructural and metabolic changes that characterize ischemia...

Reperfusion injury induces apoptosis in rabbit cardiomyocytes
R.A. Gottlieb, K.O. Burleson, R.A. Kloner, B.M. Babior, R.L. Engler

Ischemia is a complex process characterized by, among other things, an insufficient supply of oxygen and other nutrients relative to tissue demands...

Preconditioning rabbit cardiomyocytes: role of pH, vacuolar proton ATPase, and apoptosis
R.A. Gottlieb, D.L. Gruol, J.Y. Zhu, R.L. Engler

Both ischemic preconditioning and some agents that protect cells against apoptosis are characterized by diminished intracellular acidification...

Interaction of CED-4 with CED-3 and CED-9: a molecular framework for cell death
A.M. Chinnaiyan, K. O’Rourke, B.R. Lane, V.M. Dixit

Genetic analysis of developmental programmed cell death in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans identified three factors that regulate the execution of cell death in an individual cell: ced-3, ced-4, and ced-9...

The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis
R.M. Kluck, E. Bossy-Wetzel, D.R. Green, D.D. Newmeyer

This paper and that of Yang et al (reviewed on page 109) were published backto- back in Science and proposed the same solution to the long unanswered puzzle concerning (at least one) of the biochemical functions of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2...

Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade
P. Li, D. Nijhawan, I. Budihardjo, S.M. Srinivasula, M. Ahmad, E.S. Alnemri, X. Wang

This is the third paper in a series from Xudong Wang and colleagues describing the results of biochemical analysis of a cell-free apoptosis system...

Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked
J. Yang, X. Liu, K. Bhalla, C.N. Kim, A.M. Ibrado, J. Cai, T.I. Peng, D.P. Jones, X. Wang

In this companion paper to Kluck et al’s (reviewed on page 107), it is shown that one mechanism by which Bcl-2 blocks apoptosis is to prevent the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria...