Aging is responsible for important changes in vascular structure and function, which in turn affect the function of the heart and other organs. One of the main hallmarks of aging is large artery remodeling, which results in a progressive increase in wall thickness and lumen enlargement. Aging is almost always accompanied by atherosclerosis in humans, but these two processes differ in many aspects. Atherosclerosis is a disease that affects limited areas of the arterial tree and tends to narrow the lumen in the adult. Aging is a physiological process that affects the entire vascular system, starts after sexual maturation, and leads to enlargement of the lumen of large arteries. Vascular aging is characterized by degenerative processes, alterations in endothelial function, and arterial stiffening. These changes could reflect adaptative or degenerative processes...