Low-dose aspirin (75-100 mg/day) is indicated in patients at moderate to high cardiovascular risk (stable angina, prior myocardial infarction or stroke/transient ischemic attack) in whom its potential benefit clearly outweighs the risk of serious hemorrhage. If a concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is required, gastrointestinal safety and the absence of pharmacodynamic interaction with low-dose aspirin make a specific cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor preferable to a conventional NSAID. In low cardiovascular risk, however, low-dose aspirin is not routinely indicated due to the uncertain benefit/risk profile in this setting...