There are at least three ways by which a scientist becomes an icon. Most often this is by a major discovery that explains past observations and provides a basis for future advances; Harvey’s description of the circulation is a clear example. A second way is to devise a method that, by making it possible to understand previously unknowable details about a natural process, stimulates the development of an immature science. In Cardiology, this is exemplified by the recipients of two Nobel Prizes: Einthoven, whose invention of the string galvanometer made possible the development of electrocardiography, and Forssmann, Cournand, and Richards who, by introducing the clinical use of cardiac catheterization, provided the scientific basis for modern cardiology and cardiac surgery...