Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine is committed to the ethical conduct of research involving human participants and animals. The journal follows the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and internationally accepted ethical standards for biomedical research.

Research Involving Human Participants

Studies involving human participants must have received prior approval from an appropriate Institutional Review Board (IRB), Ethics Committee, or equivalent ethics authority. Authors must state the name of the approving institution, the approval or reference number (where applicable), and confirm that the study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and all applicable national and institutional regulations.

Authors must also confirm that informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legally authorized representatives before enrollment in the study. When identifiable information or images are included, explicit written consent for publication must be obtained.

Research Involving Animals

Research involving animals must comply with internationally accepted guidelines for the ethical care and use of laboratory animals, as well as relevant institutional and national regulations. Authors must provide details of ethical approval from the appropriate Animal Ethics Committee or Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), where applicable, and describe the measures taken to minimize animal suffering and the number of animals used.

Editorial Assessment

The Editorial Office reserves the right to request additional documentation regarding ethical approval or informed consent at any stage of the review or publication process. Manuscripts that fail to meet ethical requirements or violate accepted standards of research integrity may be rejected, corrected, or retracted in accordance with COPE recommendations.